![]() Repetitive movements, sounds, or fidgeting can help people with autism stay calm, relieve stress or block out uncomfortable sensory input. Many autistic people use stimming as a form of sensory seeking to keep their sensory systems in balance. This can be incredibly physically and emotionally draining and can leave the person feeling too exhausted to do other important tasks. For someone who is hypersensitive, it can take a lot of effort to spend all day under LED or fluorescent lights, navigate a crowded space or process conversations in rooms with background noise. Having unique sensitivities to certain types of sensory input can create challenges in everyday situations like school, work or community settings. For example, people with autism may stimulate their senses by making loud noises, touching people or objects, or rocking back and forth. ![]() People who are hyposensitive may engage in sensory seeking to get more sensory input from the environment. This can look like a constant need for movement difficulty recognizing sensations like hunger, illness or pain or attraction to loud noises, bright lights and vibrant colors. Sensory avoidance can look like pulling away from physical touch, covering the ears to avoid loud or unpredictable sounds, or avoiding certain kinds of clothing. This can result in sensory avoidance – trying to get away from stimuli that most people can easily tune out. Certain sounds, smells, textures and tastes can also be overwhelming. Many autistic people experience hypersensitivity to bright lights or certain light wavelengths (e.g., LED or fluorescent lights). Awareness of internal body cues and sensations ( interoception)Īutistic people can experience both hypersensitivity (over-responsiveness) and hyposensitivity (under-responsiveness) to a wide range of stimuli.Awareness of body position and movement ( proprioception).People with autism might have sensitivities to: Each autistic person is unique, and this includes their personal sensory sensitivities. Migraine Persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD) Sensory overload Visual stress Visual vertigo Visually-induced dizziness.Sensory issues are common in people with autism and are even included in the diagnostic criteria for autism spectrum disorder. ![]() This may give rise to vulnerability to severe PPPD should a vestibular insult occur. Our findings support the idea that PPPD is a complex neurological condition that includes broad perceptual factors, and may suggest that some brains are predisposed to generalised cross-modal sensory-overload. Most of the path coefficients and mediation effects in our model were unchanged between participants with and without migraine. Adding visual difficulties and visual discomfort to the model allowed it to explain 50% of PPPD symptom variance. SEM analysis revealed that anxiety partly, but not wholly, mediated this relationship. We found increased self-reported over-sensitivity in sensory domains beyond vision and balance in both patients with PPPD and non-clinical participants with more PPPD symptoms. We used structural equation modelling to examine relationships between the factors using a step-wise approach. We measured self-report multisensory sensitivity, anxiety, visual difficulties, visual discomfort and migraine in patients with PPPD (N = 29) and a large general population cohort (N > 1100). To test whether PDDD symptoms are associated with reported differences in other senses (touch, hearing, smell and taste) to investigate possible mediation via anxiety or migraine to discover the proportion of variance accountable to these non-vestibular factors. ![]() The cause is unknown and thought to involve interactions between visual and vestibular systems, but symptoms also correlate with anxiety and migraine. Symptoms lie on a spectrum in the general population. Persistent postural perceptual dizziness (PPPD) is a common chronic condition presenting in neurology and neuro-otology clinics.
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